воскресенье, 23 марта 2014 г.

'Theatre' by W. S. Maugham. Chapters 7-10

Task I

Placidity-спокойствие

To make frantic scenes-закатывать безумные сцены
To give sb. a look of scorn- смотреть на кого-либо с презрением
Lavishness-щедрость
To know how to pull strings adroitly- знать, как пустить в ход связи
To fall out of love - разлюбить
Close-cropped hair - коротко стриженые волосы
To resist an inclination- удержаться от чего-то
Weather-beaten skin – обветренная кожа
Coltish grace-щенячья грация
To be on active service – находиться в действующей армии
Confinement - роды
To run a theatre – открыть театр
Effusive - несдержанный
To set one's mind to smth - стремиться к чему-либо,сосредоточиться на чем-либо
Disconcerting - сбивать с толку
It's a knockout - бесподобно
Amiability- дружелюбие
Affable manner- дружелюбные манеры
To exercise great ingenuity in (doing) smth. – проявить необыкновенную изобретательность в чем-то;
To be unperturbed – быть невозмутимым
Shrewdness - проницательность
To grizzle – ворчать
It's a mere commonplace- это банально
Exorbitant - безмерный
To be conciliatory – быть примирителем
To foster one's career – способствовать продвижению чьей-либо карьеры
Acumen - сообразительность
To have one's face lifted – подтянуть кожу лица
It's no good crying over spilt milk – после драки кулаками не машут
To have little flirtations – флиртовать,заводить небольшие интриги
Masseuse - массажистка
Gossip column – колонка светской хроники
The world of make-believe – мир притворства

Task II

1. What did Michael and Julia do when the war broke out?

When the war broke out Julia and Michael were acting.

2. Why do you think Michael enjoyed the war?

Michael enjoyed the war because he was liked in the army, despite the fact that he was an actor.

3. Do you think love is important for a successful family life?

I'm pretty sure, that without love there couldn't be a successful family life, because it's love which makes people take care about each other and think about other person's desires and needs.

4. How did it happen that Julia fell out of love with Michael?

One day Julia realized that he no longer smelt like a youth, he smelt like a man. he didn't attract her in sexual way. She found many defects in his behavior and habits.

5. How did Michael manage to find the money to rent a theatre? What was the theatre called? Who was in the partnership with him?

After the death of Michael's parents he inherited nearly four thousand pounds, and together with Julia's savings they had seven thousand. But the rent of theatres had gone up enormous. Finally the money was found by a rich woman who was interested in Julia. The theatre was called the Siddons Theatre. His partner was Dolly.

6. Why was Julia against Michael's taking up directing?

Michael had no fantasy and his ideas were commonplace. She was not sure that he would have authority over the cast.

7. What kind of director was Michael?

He was a very fair and hard-working. He paid Julia more than any other director had done, because he knew what she was capable of, and was familiar with her every inflection, every glance of her eyes, every graceful movement. He was too gentle to be director.
8. What irritated Julia in Michael more and more? How did he change in Julia's eyes?

His straight thin-lipped mouth irritated her. Moreover, he no longer smelt like a youth, he smelt like a man. Michael’s thrift, which in the early days had seemed an amusing, rather touching trait, now revolted her.

9. Why was Julia sad when she thought of her married life?

Julia was sad about her married life because her dreams didn't coincide with reality. Her love had died she felt that life had cheated her.

10. Why was Michael happier than he had been before?

Julia never made scenes any more. Michael was happier when he founded his own theatre.

11.Julia's dresser and maid was a Cockney, wasn't she? Please prove it using the examples from the text.

“It'd only fidget me to 'ave a lot of elephant's tusks in me mouth."
“I'm young enough to dress 'er. And maid 'er”.

12. Who was the unknown man who sent flowers to Julia? Why did she write him a thank you note?

It was Mr. Thomas Fennell. She wrote a note,because she was very polite and it was her principle to keep in touch with the public in order they would come to the theatre.

 Task III

- handsome
- the best-looking actor on the English stage
- a faithful husband
- friendly, good-humoured and kind
- he had no fantasy and his ideas were commonplace
- he took his beauty for granted
- prudent and all he wanted was admiration
- honest
- miserly

I like Michael for his honesty, prudence. He really knew his defects, and also he knew his best sides and made these things to work on him, like his allure. Also I liked his purposefulness, as he knew what he wanted and reached it.

Task IV
 
Julia and Michael were successful and rich enough to give his son the best education.
The public schools form the backbone of the independent sector. Such schools depend almost on the fees paid by their pupil’s parents. They are mostly boarding schools, where the pupils live as well as study. Ten public schools have produced one in eight of the professional elite who effectively run the country. The most famous public schools have a long history and tradition. It is often necessary to put a child's name on a waiting list at birth to be sure he or she gets a place. Children of wealthy or aristocratic families often go to the same public school as their parents and their grandparents. Eton is the best known of these schools.Eton College, often informally referred to as Eton, is a British independent boarding school located in Eton. It educates over 1,300 pupils, aged between 13 and 18 years and was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI.

Task V Summary

When the war broke down, Julia and Michael were acting. Michael volunteered while Julia wanted to be with him even at war, but she had to stay on the stage. She was the best actress in her generation and soon she became very rich. When Michael returned from the war Julia realized that she fell out of love with her husband because he changed so much. Soon Julia gave birth to their son Roger. And Michael decided to open his own theatre with a support of very rich old woman Mrs. de Vries. Being a director he was happier than had been earlier, while his wife was sad her love to her husband died. Later at the end of the play Julia received flowers from unknown Tomas Fennel.

среда, 12 марта 2014 г.

'Theatre' by W. S. Maugham. Chapters 3-6

Task I

Asset- a major benefit,a useful quality;
A sumptuous supper- impressive, expensive,elegant;
Extravagance-the practice of spending a lot of money, especially more than you should,wastefulness;
Thrift- wise economy in the management of money and other resources; frugality
To remonstrate- criticize someone about something;
Equanimity- a calm mental state when you deal with a difficult situation;
At a loose end - in an uncertain or unsettled situation or positionon;
To jeopardize- to risk damaging or destroying something important;
Alacrity-cheerful readiness;
Susceptible to -someone whose emotions are easy to influence;
Obsequious -too keen to please someone, in a way that does not seem sincere;
A retainer -a servant, especially one who has worked for someone from a high social class for a long time

Task II

 Lord, what fools these mortals be (W. Shakespeare 'A Midsummer Night's Dream')
 ‘I could not love thee, dear, so much, loved I not honour more,’ he (Michael) quoted.
These quotes prove that the life of actors is full of their work. They have to learn a lot by heart, that's why many their thoughts they express with the help of quotations.


Task III

This metaphor refers to Michael's attitude to early marriage between the actors. To his mind, it can ruin their careers.

Task IV

'He was too modest to resent an unfavourable criticism.' -  Michael understood that he wasn't a good actor, he was in troupe because of his appearance.

'... after all he was born a gentleman.'  - Michael's parents wanted him to become a military man not an actor. That's why they were glad that he was brought up properly.

'He is going to be a flop' - Michael was going to America in order to earn money,but Jimmie was sure that he would get a failure.

'I suppose it's beastly of me,' she thought, 'but thank God, thank God.' - Julia's phrase. She was glad that Michael came back from America, but feeling bad about her happiness, because he failured.

Task VI

Interior monologue and 'the stream of consience' are employed in order the reader see the events through Julia's eyes.

Task VII



1. Who was Jimmie Langton and what role did he play in Julia's and Michael's lives?

Jimmie Langton was the head of the troupe in the theatre at Middlepool. He helped Julia to develop her talent and to become a good actress.also it was Jimmy who invited both of them in his theatre, and where Julia and Michael met.

2. When did Julia and Michael join the Middlepool Theatre Company?
They joined the theatre in different time. First it was Julia who was invited and a year later Michael joined to this theatre.

3. How did Julia and Michael get to know each other?
Michael played the boy and Julia played Regina. They heard one another their parts and after rehearsals lunched together to talk of them. Soon they were inseparable.

4. What did Julia like about Michael?
Michael was very handsome and had a good sense of humour. She liked him because he behaved like a gentleman.

5.What did Michael think of good looks and decent families?
The family status played greater importance for him than a man’s appearance.

6.How did Julia feel about her family?
She liked her family,she was proud of her father's profession.

7.What were Michael's views on marriage?
“I think an actor's a perfect fool to marry young. There are so many cases in which it absolutely ruins a chap's career. Especially if he marries an actress. He becomes a star and then she's a millstone round his neck”.

8.What did Michael read newspaper reviews for? Did Julia share his views?
He read all the articles in order to find out the information about him. He didn't pay attention to Julia's reviews.

9.Who invited Julia to Michael's house for the Holy Week?
It was Michael’s mother, Mrs. Gosselyn. But Michael asked to do it.

10.Did Michael's father meet Julia's expectations?
Julia found the Colonel not so alarming person than she had expected: he was civil, but reserved, generous. He was neither irritable nor oppressive. He read The Times, went to church on Sunday and accompanied his wife to tea-parties.According to Michael’s words his father was rather old-fashioned, and there were some things he couldn’t understand.

11.What impression did Julia produce on Michael's parents?
They liked Julia, as she acted a timid girl. That's why they liked her.

12.Was the proposal expected by Michael's parents?
Yes, his parents expected that.

13.What steps did Julia take upon finding Michael was leaving for America?
She asked Jimmie not to let Michael go.

14.What professional offer did Michael receive and who facilitated this?
Michael was offered a lucrative contract in America, and Jimmie, the head of the troupe, facilitated it.

15.Was Michael a success in America?
No, he failed in America.

16.Did Julia keep in touch with him while he was away?
Yes,she wrote constantly a lot of passionate letters to him,while he answered once a week, four pages exactly in a neat, precise hand.

17. Was Julia eager to meet Michael straight at the station?
She decided to meet him and booked two rooms in a hotel.

18.What were Michael's impressions after staying and working in America?
Michael was deeply mortified and depressed. He wasn't satisfied by his work in America.

19.What was Michael going to do in England and what were his prospects?
He saved money in America and he dreamed to open the theater, where Julia would play.

Task VIII
Summary:
 Julia remembered her youth,when she played in  Jimmie’s troupe. It was the place, where she met Michael and fell in love with him . They spent a lot of time together, but he he didn't take as a potential wife. But still they were very close. One day, Julia received a letter from Michael's mother, where she was invited to their house. During this visit Michael proposed to Julia. All the troupe got to know about it. Some time later  Michael went to America, but failed there and returned home. Julia was very happy, she met him and together they decided to go to London in search of fame and recognition.